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THE 

NORMAL INSTITUTE MANUAL 



OF 



COLORADO SCHOOL LAW 



BY 

GEO. R. MOMYER 

h 



THE HERRICK BOOK & STA. CO. 
DENVER 



Additional Copies 
25c Postpaid 



UBKARY of CONGRESS 
Two Couy Received 

OCT 2! 1907 



Copyright Entry 
USS A , XXc. No, 

ff/6oJ 

COPY B. 



cu: 



'-. \ ST " 



Copyright 1903 and 1907 

by 
George Kobert Momyer. 



COLORADO SCHOOL LAW 

The following outline is to be used in connection with 
the state edition of the school law (1907). A copy of the 
school law may be secured from your county superintend- 
ent. It is suggested that for institute work the county 
superintendents establish a school-law reading room, plac- 
ing all available copies of the school law and of the state 
superintendent's report in this room where the teachers 
may have access to them. 



(3) 



INSTITUTE OUTLINE 
I. 

STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION. 

1. Who are members? Const. Art. IX, Section 1. (A) 

2. What are the duties of this board? 9, 158, 159, 
160, 161. 

3. When and where are meetings held? 158. 

4. What power has the board in regard to diplomas 
and certificates? 159, 160, 161. 

5. In regard to appeals? 9, 10. 

6. What power is denied to it? Const. Art. IX, Sec. 16. 

COUNTY SUPERINTENDENT. 

7. State six duties of the superintendent. Const. Art. 
IX, Sec. 6. Laws, Sec. 6, 7, 8, 24, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 
56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 68, 70, 86, 86dl2, 99, 112, 115, 121, 
122, 129, 148, 182, 186. 

8. How is a vacancy in this office filled? Const. XIV, 
Sec. 9. 

9. When does the office become vacant? 45. 

10. What records must the county superintendent keep ? 

24, 50, 53. 

11. Under what conditions may he appoint directors ? 54. 

12. Might there be a vacancy in the district board that 
the superintendent would not have the authority to fill ? 54. 



Note. — In the annotated school laws, the provisions of the enabling act are 
found on page 5, the constitutional provisions on pp. 7 to 20, and the school laws 
on pp. 21 to 215. The school laws are designated by sections from 1 to 206. In 
the references above, a number represents a section in the school law, a letter as 
(A) refers to the explanatory notes in this booklet, p. 16; a letter (d) refers to a 
decision of the State Superintendent. A copy of the school laws will usually be 
loaned by your county superintendent. If you are teaching, your school is en- 
titled to a copy for the library. Sec. 182. 

(5) 



NORMAL INSTITUTE MANUAL. 



13. What compensation does your county superintend- 
ent receive ? 46. 

14. A superintendent of another county may receive a 
greater salary. Why? 46. 

15. Give process of an appeal from the district board to 
the county superintendent, 3-8. 

II. 

STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION. 

16. Who are members of the State Board of Land 
Commissioners? Const. Art. IX, Sec. 9. (B) 

17. Why should the State Superintendent be a member 
of this board? Enabling Act, Sec. 7, 10, 14, page 5. 

18. Are the school law decisions by the State Superin- 
tendent final? 181. 

19. Who prepares the state and county examination 
questions for teachers ? 160, 172, 181. 

20. State amount of bond executed. 180. 

21. What salary is received ? (C) 

22. Describe the report of the State Superintendent for 
the biennial period 1905-6. (D) 

23. State five duties of the Superintendent. Const. Art. 
IV, Sec. 20; Art. IX, Sec. 1 and Sec. 9. Laws Sees. 77, 
113', 114, 148, 160, 165, 172, 181, 182, 183, 184. 

24. Name five things in school administration that the 
State Superintendent can not do. 18M2, 182d2, 3, 4, 5, 
7, 8, 12. 

25. What provision is made to enable the Superintend- 
ent to keep in close touch with the various sections of the 
state ? 183. 



SCHOOL LAW IN GENERAL. 



CERTIFICATES AND DIPLOMAS. 

26. What religious test may be required of a teacher? 

Const., Art. IX, Sec. 8. 

27. Who are members of the State Board of Exam- 
iners? 160. (E) 

28. Name three duties of this Board. 148, 160. (F) 

29. How may a state diploma be secured? 159, 160. (G) 

30. What recognition is given to certificates from other 
states? 160dl, 99d29 (June, 1907). 

31. What is a complimentary state diploma? 160. 

32. State qualifications required of teachers of kinder- 
garten schools. 147 and 147dl. 

III. 

33. When are county examinations held ? 99 and 99d6. 

34. What classes of certificates are granted? 24. 

35. What certificates may be granted but twice to the 
same person? 24d28. 

36. Discuss renewal, endorsement, certificate of like 
grade, district certificate, temporary certificate. 24 and 
24dl - 10 - 14 — 34 — 35-36-39-60-61-62-68-70. 
Sees. 99 and 99d— 29— 35. 

37. Where must the county examination be held? 

99 and 99d56. 

38. State what is required of applicants for this exam- 
ination. 99. (H) High School 99dl and 2. 

39. What is recorded in the superintendent's certificate 
record book? (I) 

40. For what reasons may a certificate be revoked ? 

24, 24d40, 161. 

41. What branches may one who has no teachers' certi- 



NORMAL INSTITUTE MANUAL. 



ficate teach in the public schools? 153d3. Sec. 193 and 
193d26 to 30. 

42. What qualifications other than a first grade certifi- 
cate are required of a teacher who teaches high school 
branches ? 24d73. 

43. A teacher from another state desires to accept the 
principalship of a Colorado high school in a district of the 
first class. Is there any way by which he can avoid the 
Colorado examination? 24d73. 

44. If a certificate be destroyed, how may a duplicate 
be obtained? 182dll. 

SCHOOL RECORDS. 

45. How are school blanks, registers, copies of the school 
laws, etc., provided? 182. 

46. Discuss the relation between teachers' reports, re- 
ports of the district clerk, and the county superintendent's 
reports. 50, 75, 194. 

47. AVhat is the penalty for delay on the part of the 
teacher in making the required reports? 194d2. 

48. The State Superintendent and the U. S. Commis- 
sioner of Education base their reports finally on the reports 
of the teachers. From your personal knowledge of the 
character of the original reports, what is your opinion of 
the value of that part of the mass of statistics based thereon 
and issued by the U. S. Department of Education? 

49. How might accurate original reports be assured? 
(K) 

IV. 

SCHOOL DISTRICTS. 

50. How many school districts in Colorado? (L) 
How classified? 69. 



SCHOOL LAW IN GENERAL. 



51. How may a new district be formed from territory 
already organized? 85, 86; Appendix, forms 3, 4 and 5. 

52. How may a new district be formed in unorganized 
territory? 85, 86. 

53. In dividing a district, state restrictions relating to 
area (or valuation), number of persons of school age, gov- 
ernment lines, city or town, district of the first class. 86. 

54. How are school districts numbered. 86. 

55. How may school districts be united? 87. 

56. A first-class district and a third-class district are 
united. What provision is made for a school board for 
the new district? 87. 

57. How may territory be annexed to a school district. 

87. 

58. How soon must a school be established in a new 
district ? 89. 

59. What is the penalty for failure to establish the 
school in the time designated? 89. 

60. May the time be extended? 89. 

61. May a district close its school for one year? 89. 

62. When may a district not be annulled? 90dl. 

63. Suppose nine-tenths of the area of a joint district is 
in Otero County, and the other tenth and the school house 
are in Bent County ; in which county must the teacher se- 
cure his certificate? 88. 

64. When is the annual school meeting held ? 92. 

65. What business may be transacted? 98. 

66. When may a special meeting be held? 72. 

67. What business may be transacted at a special meet- 
ing? 72 and 72d3. 

68. What are the qualifications of electors at these meet- 
ings? 96, 97. 



10 NORMAL INSTITUTE MANUAL. 

V. 

SCHOOL BOARDS. 

69. How many directors constitute a school board in a 
district of the first class? In a district of the second or 
third class? 69. 

70. Discuss the manner of election and the term of office 
of a school director in a district of the first class. In a 
district of the second or third class. 69. 

71. How soon after election must a director qualify? 

70 and 70d6-7-8. 

72. How are vacancies in the board of directors filled? 

70 and 70d9— 10— 80. 

73. Name ten powers of the school board. Const. , Art. 
IX, Sec, 15 (last sentence). (M) 24, 26, 80, 81, 103, 
105, 128, 147. 

74. Give two duties of the president. 70, 73, 93. 

75. Give three duties of the secretary. 6, 56, 73, 74, 
75, 75a, 75b, 76, 93. 

76. Give two duties of the treasurer. 70, 78, 93. 

77. May a school director deal in the school warrants 
of his district? 151. 

SCHOOL RESOURCES. 

78. From what sources are the public school funds 
derived? Enabling Act, Sees. 7-14; Const., Art. IX, Sees. 
3-5; Laws, Sees. 115, 186, 188. 

79. Distinguish between general fund and special fund. 

(N) 

80. How is the state school fund apportioned? When? 

Const., Art. IX, Sec, 3. 184 and 184dl. 

81. What deduction is made? 182. 



SCHOOL LAW IN GENERAL. H 

VI. 

82. The money belonging; to the various districts is en- 
trusted to whose care? Const,, Art. IX, Sec. 4; Laws, 
Sec. 62. 

82 A. What statement is the treasurer required to make 
to the school board ? 62b. 

83. What is the county school tax? By whom levied? 

186. 

84. When and by whom is it apportioned? 57. 

85. What is the basis of apportionment of all general 
school funds? 58dl. 

86. If a district fails to certify a special tax, how may 
the matter be remedied? 186. 

87. Who must certify the amount of special tax neces- 
sary? 188. 

88. By whom is the special tax levied ? 188. 

89. For what purposes may the general fund be used? 

Ill, llldl, 2 and 3. 

90. For what purposes may the special fund be used? 

186. 

91. Under what conditions may the general fund be 
used as a special fund? 111. 

92. What provision is made to prevent directors from 
issuing warrants in excess of the resources of the school 
district? 62. (0) 

93. What is the legal rate of interest? 146. 

94. What fines and penalties are paid into the school 
fund? 115, 115d5 and 6. 

95. By whom is the union or county high school tax 
levied? 126, 137. 

96. What is the limit of school taxation? 

124, 188, 192. (186d4). 



12 NORMAL INSTITUTE MANUAL. 

97. The statement, "Otero County belongs to a certain 
class, ' ' would have what meaning to a board of county com- 
missioners? 46, 191, 192. 

98. Who are qualified to vote on the question of issuing 
bonds? 11. 

99. A district votes bonds to build a school house. After 
a time the district boundaries are so changed as to place part 
of the original district in an adjoining district. Must this 
portion, now outside of the original district, be taxed to 
help pay these bonds ? 16. 

100. How may school bonds be refunded ? 20. 

101. In order to vote bonds, how many voters must re- 
side in the district? 11, lldl, 2 and 5. 

VII. 

PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 

102. What is the legal school age? 156. 

103. What provision is made for establishing kinder- 
gartens ? 147. 

104. Define public school? 152. 

105. The public schools are open to whom? 154. 

106. What subjects are taught ? 99, 153. 

107. Give the law requiring instruction in regard to : 

1. Alcoholic drinks and narcotics. 1. 
2. Humane treatment of animals. 153. 

108. AVhen are free text-books provided? 

81, ninth provision. 

109. May Colorado have state uniformity of text books? 

(p) 

110. How are school libraries provided for? 

188, 188d9 and 10. 

111. Define school year, month, week, day. 142, 142dl9. 



SCHOOL LAW IN GENERAL. 13 

112. For what holidays may pay be received? 

142 and note. 144d2, 145a, 145c. 

113. What provision is made concerning: Arbor Day \ 

143, 144, 144d2, 145. 

114. Define school census. 156. 

115. What provision is made against sectarian teaching 
and concerning religious service? Const., Art. IX, Sec. 8. 
Same d2. 

116. Who prescribes the course of study? 81, second 
provision. 

117. Give the conditions required in a teachers' con- 
tract. Page 228, 193d80. 

118. Is a teacher's contract made before the annual 
election a legal contract? 193d51 and 52. 

119. Give limit of the teacher's authority. 194d5 to 12. 

VIII. 

PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS. 

120. What is a district high school ? 128. 

121. How is a union high school established? 129. 
How maintained ? 133. 

122. What special provisions apply to counties of the 
fourth and fifth classes. 136-141. 

123. What is a union high school committee? How 
elected? 129. 

124. How are vacancies in this committee filled? 130. 

125. State the pow T ers of the committee. 132. 

126. For how many months in each year may a union 
high school be maintained ? 134. 

127. Who may be admitted as students? 134. 

128. Give in detail the method of establishing a county 
high school in counties of the fourth and fifth classes. 120. 



14 NORMAL INSTITUTE MANUAL. 

129. How is the county high school committee elected? 

121. 

130. What is the term of office? 122. 

131. What are the powers and duties of the county 
committee ? 124. 

132. How is the county high school maintained? 

126 and d2. 

IX. 

STATE SCHOOLS. 

133. Name, locate and give purpose of each of the state 
educational institutions. 163, etc., 66. (Q) 

NORMAL INSTITUTES. 

134. Time and place of holding the institute. How 
determined ? 148. 

135. What constitutes an institute district? 148. 

136. How many institute districts in Colorado ? 148. 

137. Name the counties in your institute district. 

148 (See notes 1, 2 and 3). 

138. Discuss organization and duties of the normal insti- 
tute committee. 148. 

139. By what funds is the institute supported? 

112, 113, 114, 148. 

140. By whom are conductors' and instructors' certifi- 
cates granted? 148. 

X. 

COMPULSORY EDUCATION. 

141. Under what conditions is it unlawful to employ 
children under fourteen years of age ? 32. 

142. For how much time in each school year must a 
child be sent to school. 31. 



SCHOOL LAW IN GENERAL. 15 

143. What exceptions are made? 31, 38, 41. 

144. Who secures the prosecution of offenses under this 
law? 34dl, 2, 3, 4. 35, 31dl. 

145. What qualifications must employers require of 
minors between the ages of fourteen and sixteen? 33. 

146. Define juvenile disorderly person. 34. 

147. AVhat are the duties of the truant officer? 36. 

148. Discuss the commitment of a juvenile disorderly 
person : 

1. To a children's home. 

2. To the industrial school. 37. 

149. In what cities may truant schools be established? 

195, 206. 

150. How established ? 196. 

151. By what process may a student be enrolled in the 
truant school? 199, 200. 

152. How is the expense of maintaining this school 
provided for? 196, 201. 

153. In what two ways may a pupil be discharged from 
this school? 202, 205. 

154. May a pupil of whom the compulsory law would 
require attendance be expelled from school? 31d2. 

155. Have the compulsory laws secured the results in- 
tended ? 



16 NORMAL INSTITUTE MANUAL. 

NOTES. 

A. Katherine L. Craig, State Superintendent of Schools. 
Timothy O'Connor, Secretary of State. 

William H. Dickson, Attorney General. 

B. Henry A. Buehtel, Governor. 

Katherine L. Craig, State Superintendent of Schools. 
Timothy O'Connor, Secretary of State. 
William H. Dickson, Attorney General. 

C. $3,000.00. 

D. This report is distributed free to teachers and to 
school officers. The volume for 1905-06 contains 314 pages 
of valuable information concerning the schools of Colo- 
rado. Address your request for a copy to the State Super- 
intendent of Public Instruction, Denver, Colo. 

E. Katherine L. Craig, State Superintendent of Schools. 
James H. Baker, President of the State University. 
Barton O. Aylesworth, President State Agricultural 

College. 

Victor C. Alderson, President State School of Mines. 
Z. X. Snyder, President State Normal School. 

F. This Board passes upon applications for normal in- 
stitute instructors' and conductors' certificates, also upon 
the reports of the state teachers' examinations, and upon 
applications for complimentary state diplomas. 

G. (1) By examination. See regulations, page 92, sup- 

erintendent's report. 

(2) By graduation from the State Normal School. 

(3) Complimentary diploma. See superintendent's 

report, page 93. 
H. High school teachers are required to take an exam- 
ination covering only the high school branches they expect 
to teach. 



SCHOOL LAW IN GENERAL. 17 

1. The name and age of the teacher, the grades made 
by him in the county examination and the date on which 
the certificate was issued. From these data a duplicate 
certificate can be issued. 

J. High school teachers must pass an examination in 
the following branches : Algebra, Literature, Botany, Gen- 
eral History, Zoology, Geometry, Physics, Chemistry, As- 
tronomy and Geology. (See H.) 

K. (1) Eeduce the number of items in the required 
report by the elimination of non-essentials. 

(2) Make the school board responsible for neglect to en- 
force the law. An efficient county superintendent can do 
much to encourage the improvement of school reports, but 
no lasting and general improvement can be expected until 
the supervision of such reports and the power of applying 
the penalty for negligence to make them correctly is vested 
in an official who has greater jurisdiction than the school 
district. 

L. In 1906 (Superintendent's Report, page 245). 

First class 23 

Second class 51 

Third class 1495 

County high schools 10 

Union H. S. Districts 8 

M. This sentence in the constitution of Colorado makes 
the individual district the supreme power in Colorado 
school administration. It renders null any attempt at state 
or county supervision under the constitution. A state 
course of study and uniformity of text books (except by 
unanimous consent of several thousand school directors) 
are alike unconstitutional and can not be legally adopted 
by the state. This one sentence commits the state of Colo- 



18 NORMAL INSTITUTE MANUAL. 

rado to the theory that the progress of her schools is to 
be measured by the sum of the individual efforts of inde- 
pendent school districts. Massachusetts, which "has no 
state university, no prescribed course of study, no state 
system of text books, no state superintendent, no state cer- 
tification of teachers, no state system of education, nor any 
approach to one," is an example of the system to which 
the makers of the constitution evidently wished to commit 
this state. We may discuss the relative merits of freedom 
and supervision in school administration all we please, 
this one short sentence will determine the course of educa- 
tional progress in this state as long as it remains in the 
constitution. 

N, The general fund includes all funds derived other- 
wise than by the direct local tax of the district. It includes : 

(1) The State Fund- 
Interest on school land sales. 
Rental of school lands. 

Interest on legacies falling to the state. 

(2) The County Fund- 
Tax levied by the county commissioners on all the 

property of the county for all the public schools 
of the county. Known as county school tax. 

(3) The Penal Fund- 
Fines, penalties and forfeitures. (See Sec. 115.) 

The special fund is the special tax voted by the people 
of the district on the property included within the district 
for the maintenance of their own school. 

0. This provision is often violated. It serves, however, 
as a check against the hazardous overdrawing of district 
funds. 



SCHOOL LAW IN GENERAL. 19 

P. See reference M. An agreement by the school boards 
of a county under a wide awake county superintendent 
may insure county uniformity until a change of adminis- 
tration and may be said to be practicable. An agreement 
by all the school boards of the state is virtually impossible, 
and if it were possible would be an impracticable arrange- 
ment. The only way to secure uniform text books and 
state supervision is to amend the constitution. 
Q. Name and location : 

State University Boulder. 

State Normal School Greeley. 

School of Mines Golden. 

Agricultural College Ft. Collins. 

School for Deaf and Blind.. .Colorado Springs. 

Industrial School for Boys Golden. 

Industrial School for Girls Morrison. 

To the above may be added: 

The State Reform School Buena Vista. 

State Home for Dependent and Neglected 
Children Denver. 



COLORADO SCHOOL LAW EXAM- 
INATION QUESTIONS. 

1897. 

MARCH. 

1. What are the requirements of the compulsory edu- 
cation law? 

2. Y\ 7 ho are the members of the Board of Education? 
What are the duties of the school board? How are district 
schools classified ? When does the school year begin ? 

3. When was the free Kindergarten law passed? What 
are its provisions? 

4. Give the substance of the act authorizing school di- 
rectors to purchase and display United States flags upon 
school buildings. 

5. How does the law provide for the inculcation of tem- 
perance principles ? How long has Arbor Day been ob- 
served in Colorado? 

AUGUST. 

1. AVhen was the State Normal School established? 

2. What provisions are made for the education of the 
deaf and blind? 

3. What is the legal definition of "a public school"? 

4. AVhat is meant by "the school year"? 

5. What is a "school census"? 

6. In what ways may a school district forfeit its portion 
of the school fund for the year? 

7. When and where are school elections held? 

(20) 



SCHOOL LAW IN GENERAL. 21 

8. When does the superintendent of public instruction 
apportion the school fund? 

9. What is the Normal Institute Fund? 

10. What reports does the law require teachers to make ? 

DECEMBER. 

1. Give the substance of the act designed to prevent 
frauds in the letting of public contracts? 

2. When, and in what manner, may a special meeting 
be called in a district of the third class? 

3. Define school age ; school census. 

4. What provisions govern appeals from the district 
board to the county superintendent? From the county 
superintendent to the state board of education? 

5. What does the compulsory education act provide? 

6. When, and in what amount, is the district treasurer 
required to give bond? 

7. What persons may vote upon the question of con- 
tracting a bonded debt? 

8. What formality is required in order that district 
warrants may be legal? 

9. What provision does the Constitution of Colorado 
make concerning text-books? 

10. What power has the state board of education in the 
matter of diplomas? 

1898. 

MARCH. 

1. Give full explanation of the method of conducting the 
county teachers' examination. 

2. Give grades and distinguishing features of county 
teachers ' certificates. 



22 NORMAL INSTITUTE MANUAL. 

3. When and by whom may a teachers' certificate be 
indorsed? When renewed? 

4. What is a school year ? A school month ? 

5. Name the powers of the school board? 

AUGUST. 

1. What is the legal method of securing free text-books 
in a school district? 

2. When may a county superintendent appoint a school 
director ? 

3. What are the statutory provisions for holding nor- 
mal institutes? 

4. What are the statutory provisions concerning free 
Kindergartens ? 

5. For how long a term is a county superintendent 
elected ? A school director ? 

DECEMBER. 

1. Of what does the public school fund of Colorado con- 
sist? 

2. What is the penalty for a county superintendent's 
failure to make report to the Superintendent of Public 
Instruction ? 

3. How may a Union High School be established? 

4. To whom are the public schools of the state open? 

5. In districts of the third class, what is the method of 
procedure in calling a special meeting? 

1899. 

MARCH. 

1. When does Arbor Day occur? State the require- 
ments of the law as to its observance by the public schools. 

2. What is the purpose of the school census? 



SCHOOL LAW IN GENERAL. 23 

3. In the census of what district must a person of school 
age be listed? 

4. In whom is vested the authority to prescribe text- 
books and course of study for the public schools? 

5. When is the annual school election held? 

6. Discriminate between the general school tax and the 
special school tax. 

7. What is a joint school district? 

8. How many normal institute districts are there in 
Colorado? Give the number of the one in which you are 
writing the examination. 

9. Explain fully the "like grade" certificate. 

10. Name two powers of directors of first- and second- 
class districts not conferred upon directors of third-class 
districts. 

AUGUST. 

1. What officials constitute the State Board of Educa- 
tion? The State Board of Examiners? 

2. Enumerate five powers and duties of school boards. 

3. How is territory transferred from one district to 
another ? 

4. What is the provision concerning a teacher's final 
report ? 

5. How are vacancies in school boards filled in first- 
class districts? In second- and third-class districts? For 
how long a period are the appointments made ? 

DECEMBER. 

(Answer any eight questions.) 

1. (a) How is the general school tax levied? 

(6) What are its maximum and minimum limits in 
mills ? 



24 NORMAL INSTITUTE MANUAL. 

2. (a) What constitutes the general county school fund? 
(6) For what purposes may it be used? 

3. (a) How is the special tax levied? 

(&) What is its limit in third-class districts? 

4. (a) What determines the amount of special tax levy 

in third-class districts ? 
(6) In first- and second-class districts? 

5. For what purpose may the special tax fund be used? 

6. (a) What constitutes eligibility to the office of county 

superintendent ? 

(b) Are any educational qualifications required by 

law? Any experience in school work? 

7. (a) Name titles of the different authorities author- 

ized to issue licenses (certificates) to teach in 
the public schools of Colorado. 
(6) Does the law delegate to the profession (teachers) 
any authority in this respect, or to pass upon 
the qualifications of those desiring to enter the 
profession ? 

8. (a) What is a registered warrant? 
(6) What interest does it draw? 

(c) Why this amount of interest? 

9. When is a warrant illegal, even though drawn and 
signed by all members of the school board? 

10. What is the law relative to records and reports of 
teachers ? What is the penalty for non-compliance in this 
respect ? 



SCHOOL LAW IN GENERAL. 25 

1900. 

MARCH. 

(Answer any eight questions.) 

1. What records and reports are required of teachers 
by law? 

2. What is meant by " school age"? 

3. From what sources are the funds for the support of 
the public schools derived? 

4. Give in full the process by which a new school dis- 
trict may be legally organized. 

5. How is the Normal Institute fund raised? 

6. What are the "National Holidays" designated by 
the school law? 

7. What are the legal qualifications of an elector at a 
school election? 

8. What is the law relative to employing a teacher with- 
out a license to teach? 

9. Who constitute the State Board of Land Commis- 
sioners ? 

10. Who constitute the State Board of Education ? 

11. Who has control of the State Normal School? 

12. What notice must be given to the county superin- 
tendent of the opening of school? 

AUGUST. 

1. What notice of opening school must be given the 
county superintendent ? 

2. May a teacher continue in charge of a school after 
the expiration of his certificate ? 

3. What is the law relative to non-resident pupils ? 



26 NORMAL INSTITUTE MANUAL. 

4. How does a creditor of a school district obtain his 
money ? 

5. Y\ 7 hat provision concerning text-books is made by the 
Constitution of Colorado? 

6. What is the penalty for teaching without a proper 
license ? 

7. What is the maximum limit of the special tax in 
third-class districts? 

8. What is the maximum limit of the special tax in 
second- and first-class districts? 

9. Distinguish between the general school fund and the 
special school fund, and state the proper uses of each. 

10. In what counties and upon what authority may a 
county high school be established? 

DECEMBER. 

1. How are school districts classified? How many di- 
rectors in each class? 

2. Name five legal duties of a school board. 

3. When and for what purpose is the school census 
taken ? 

4. What is the maximum limit of general tax levied by 
the county for school purposes ? 

5. For what causes may a teacher's certificate be an- 
nulled ? 

1 901. 

MARCH. 

1. What qualifications are necessary to entitle one to 
vote for director at the annual school meeting? What 
additional qualifications to vote on a question of creating a 
debt? 



SCHOOL LAW IN GENERAL. 27 

2. AVhen is the annual school meeting held? State 
three powers reserved to the electors in third-class districts. 

3. Give two powers of the school board in first-class 
districts not possessed by boards in third-class districts. 
When does a district become first-class? 

4. State two advantages of first-grade certificates over 
other grades issued by the county superintendent. What 
is meant by an " indorsed ' ' certificate ? When may a ' ' like- 
grade" certificate be issued? 

5. State five duties of a county superintendent. 

AUGUST. 

1. (a) What officials constitute the State Board of Edu- 
cation ? 

(b) Who are the present incumbents? 

2. Who is the legal interpreter of the school law of this 
state ? 

3. Name, in order, the officials specially charged with the 
execution of the school laws. 

4. What is the relation of the teacher to the school 
board ? 

5. Where and when must county examinations be held? 

6. Name all the different kinds of teachers' license, or 
certificate, recognized in this state, and tell by what author- 
ity each is issued. 

7. For what causes may a teacher's certificate be re- 
voked. 

8. (a) Name all the sources from which school revenues 
are derived. 

(5) State specially the difference between the general 
and special school fund. 



28 NORMAL INSTITUTE MANUAL. 

9. What special branches are required to be taught in 
all schools? 

10. What reports must teachers make? 

DECEMBER. 

1. Who has power to revoke certificates? Diplomas? 

2. AVhat is a school year? A school month? 

3. What constitutes a legal warrant? 

4. For what purposes may the general fund be used? 
The special fund? 

5. What is the law governing the teaching of the effects 
of alcohol and narcotics? What is the penalty for failure 
to comply with the law? 

1902, 

MARCH. 

1. From what sources are the funds obtained for the 
maintenance of the schools of a district? 

2. State fully the provisions of the law relating to the 
teaching of the English language, Spanish, German, hy- 
giene, humane treatment of animals. 

3 to 5. State fully the provisions of the school law re- 
garding requirements made of teachers. 

AUGUST. 

1 (a) What is a school census? 

(6) When taken? 

(c) Of what value is it to the district? 
2. (a) What is the fee for teacher's examination? 

(b) For what purpose is the money obtained from 

this source used ? 

(c) How is it apportioned? 



SCHOOL LAW IN GENERAL. 29 

3. (a) How does the district proceed to issue bonds? 
(5) For what amount may a district be bonded? 

4. What is the ' ' General Fund, ' ' and from what sources 
is it derived? 

5. What provision is in the Constitution regarding text- 
books ? 

6. (a) What districts may have kindergartens? 
(5) How are kindergartens supported? 

7. How are vacancies filled in the board of directors of 
first-class districts? 

8. How may districts be united? 

9. How may districts be annulled? 

10. (a) What is the "Special Fund"? 
(6) For what purposes may it be used? 

DECEMBER. 

1. What are the powers of electors at district meetings? 

2. How are school taxes levied and collected? 

3. How may vacancies in the offices of school directors 
be filled? 

4. How are school districts classified, and what is the 
basis of classification? 

5. What is the law in regard to the power to prescribe 
text-books to be used in the public schools ? 

1903. 

MARCH. 

1. Give four duties of the school boards of third-class 
districts. Give four duties of electors in third-class dis- 
tricts. 

2. From what sources is the general school fund ob- 
tained? For what purpose may it be used? 



30 NORMAL INSTITUTE MANUAL. 

3. From what sources is the special school fund re- 
ceived ? For what purpose may it be used ? 

4. What powers are granted to first-class district school 
boards not granted to third-class district boards? 

5. When a pupil becomes unruly, how may he be legally 
removed from school? 

AUGUST. 

1. State fully that portion of the school law relative to 
compulsory education in Colorado. 

2. Give the different steps necessary in establishing a 
County High School. 

3. Give three duties of the state board of Education. 

4. What kinds of certificates give license to teach in the 
public schools of Colorado? State how each may be ob- 
tained. 

5. What offices does the State Superintendent of Public 
Instruction of this state hold ex officio? 

What may a county superintendent hold ex officio? 

DECEMBER. 

1. Into what classes is the school fund of Colorado di- 
vided, and from what source or sources is each obtained? 

2. (a) Give substance of present compulsory educational 

law of Colorado. 
(b) In your opinion, should it be so rigid, or more 
lenient ? 

3. How may a school district lose its organization ? 

4. Name four state schools of Colorado, with location 
and president of each. 

5. Discuss briefly consolidation of rural schools. 



SCHOOL LAW IN GENERAL. 31 

1904. 

MARCH. 

1. State fully how the Normal Institutes of Colorado 
are supported. 

2. Name the different classes of school districts. What 
is the basis of classification ? 

3. What report is required of a teacher within one week 
of the opening of school? 

4. (a) Under what conditions is a like-grade certificate 

issued ? 

(b) Under what conditions is a certificate renewed? 

(c) Under what conditions is a certificate indorsed? 

(d) Under what conditions may a certificate be re- 

voked ? 

(e) What authority may revoke any certificate? 

5. When is Arbor Day? How are teachers required by 
law to observe the day? 

AUGUST. 

1. Mention three specific powers of electors in third- 
class districts. 

2. What reports are required by law of the principal 
teacher in each school ? 

3. State four important duties of a county superin- 
tendent. 

4. State the principal provisions of the school attend- 
ance law as amended by the last General Assembly and 
now in force. 

5. To what person or board should each of the follow- 
ing matters be referred for action? A change in text- 
books ; an appeal from the decision of the county superin- 



32 NORMAL INSTITUTE MANUAL. 

tendent; examination for a state certificate -^apportionment 
of general school fund to districts ; the question of furnish- 
ing 1 free text books by a district. 

DECEMBER. 

1. What three restrictions are placed upon our school 
system by the Constitution of Colorado ? Name the depart- 
ments whose heads constitute the State Board of Education. 

2. Name the different school funds of our state, and de- 
scribe the sources from whence these funds are derived. 

3. State five duties of the teacher required by the laws 
of Colorado. 

4. State the law regarding county teachers' certificates. 
How many kinds are there ? For how long is each issued ? 
Upon what conditions are each issued? What power has 
the county superintendent in regard to county teacher's 
certificates issued in counties other than his own? 

5. What are the requirements of the law concerning 
Arbor Day in this state? 

MARCH. 

1. What is the law concerning the purchase, care and 
display of the U. S. flag upon school buildings ? 

2. What is a district of the first class? Second class? 
Third class ? Give examples of each. 

3. Of what does the school fund consist and how ap- 
portioned ? 

4. When and for what purpose is the school census 
taken ? 

5. AAHiat is a legally drawn warrant? 



SCHOOL LAW IN GENERAL. 33 

AUGUST. 

1. What is a public school? 

2. AVhat is the difference between a general and special 
fund, and how appropriated ? 

3. For what purpose is the examination fee used? 

4. State three facts concerning the compulsory educa- 
tion law. 

5. Name the qualifications necessary for a voter in a 
school district meeting. 

DECEMBER. 

1. What classification of subjects has been made in the 
Annotated School Laws of Colorado? 

2. Classify the state institutions under the following 
heads : Educational, Beneficiary, Penal. 

3. Name five powers of school boards. 

4. State definitely the law governing the reports re- 
quired of teachers. 

5. What constitutes the public school lands, and how 
obtained? What are indemnity lands? 

1906. 

MARCH. 

1. Who apportions the state school fund? When? On 
what basis ? 

2. What are the qualifications of an elector in Colorado ? 

3. Define school district and indicate how a new district 
may be organized. 

4. State the school law relating to non-resident pupils. 

5. (a) Who are legally qualified teachers? 

(b) Name five duties of the teacher as prescribed by 
law. 



34 NORMAL INSTITUTE MANUAL. 

AUGUST. 

1. How is an appeal taken to the county superintendent 
from the board of directors ? 

2. When may a child be legally excused from attending 
school ? 

3. What is the law concerning the teaching of humane 
treatment to animals? 

4. What qualifications are necessary for voting upon 
the bonded indebtedness of a school district ? 

5. How many and what sections of land in each town- 
ship are granted for the support of common schools ? How 
many for the state university? What lands are exempt? 
By what act granted? 



DECEMBER. 

1. What properties are exempt from taxation? 

2. What is the law governing a certificate which ex- 
pires during a term of school? 

3. The teacher is required to send what report to the 
county superintendent at the beginning of a school term? 

4. What decision was rendered by the state superin- 
tendent of public instruction respecting the jurisdiction of 
teachers over pupils on their way to and from school? 

5. What certificate is required of teachers of kinder- 
garten schools? 



SCHOOL LAW IN GENERAL. 35 

1907. 

MARCH. 

1. How many normal institute districts are there? 
What constitutes the normal institute fund ? How is the ex- 
ecutive committee selected ? What rules govern the issuance 
of a normal institute certificate? 

2. School elections are of how many kinds? When do 
they occur? 

3. What species of property are exempt from taxation ? 

4. Write what you would consider a correct form of 
teachers' contract with district board. 

5. Define bonds. How issued? How paid? 

AUGUST. 

1. AYhat days were made legal holidays by the last gen- 
eral assembly? Name all holidays included in the school 
year. 

2. What legal qualification, concerning certificates, is 
required of a kindergarten teacher? Of a high school 
teacher? Of a grade teacher? 

3. State five powers of electors at meetings; and five 
powers of boards of directors in districts of the third class. 

4. What constitutes a district of the first class ? Of the 
second class? Of the third class? 

5. Give substance of the act providing for the study of 
the nature of alcoholic drinks and narcotics in the public 
schools of the state. 



vCT 21 ~XJi 



